- 5000 soldiers, not in it for pay
~ The Roman army's elite heavy infinity
~ recruited exclusively from Roman citizen
- group of eighty’s a century
- on horseback is the cavalry
- shield, sword. dagger, and armor and tube
The Punic Wars (264-146 BCE)
Rome vs. Carthage
Three different wars
First Punic War
- 264-241 BCE
- Naval battles for control of the strategically located
- Rome wins this one
Second Punic War
- island of sicily
- Carthage loses. He travels at the back of Rome and attacks for 15 years but never reaches Rome
- Carthaginians attacks from he North
- Brings along elephants, some die along the way
Last Punic War
- Rome wanted to finally remove the threat of Carthage
- Scipio, Tiberius Gracchus, and others mercilessly attacked the city
- Carthage was burned for 17 days; the city’s walls and buildings were utterly destroyed
- When the war ended, the last 50,000 people in the city were sold into slavery
- The rest of Carthage’s territories were annexed, and made into the Roman province of Africa
Economic change, social upheaval
- Slaves poured into Italy (50,000 carthaginians 150,000 Greek POWs, etc.)
- By the end of the second century BCE there were over a million slaves in Italy
- Small farmers lost their land to aristocrats
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